Aran Journal for Language and Humanities

Adapting the Design of Cultural artichicture to the Climate of Garmian

Ahmed Taha Ali Taha Al Keji; Soran Hama Amin Ahmed

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 1-25

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-1

Abstract

This study examines the architectural adaptations of cultural buildings in the Garmian administration, which is characterized by a hot and semi-arid climate. Through the analysis of ... Read More

The Role of Virtual Reality (VR) Technology in Reviving Historical and Cultural Sites in Garmian

Bnar Hassan Mohammed; Diyar Bakir Wahab

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 26-40

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-2

Abstract

The presence of historical and cultural sites in any region plays a significant role in defining and identifying that region in terms of emergence, development, and historical backgrounds. ... Read More

The impact and repercussions of the Iran-Iraq war on archaeological and historical sites in the Garmian region (a contemporary historical study)

Juma Ali Muhammad Hawas

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 41-51

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-3

Abstract

The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) was one of the bloodiest and most influential wars in the history of the region. The effects of this war were not limited to human and economic losses, ... Read More

The Role of Proverbs in Preserving Kurdish Culture

Rizgar Abdulla ahmed; karwan saleem qaytaran

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 52-68

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-4

Abstract

Oral literature, as an essential part of Kurdish culture, plays a significant role in preserving the national identity of the Kurds. It can be viewed as a distinctive and defining feature ... Read More

Assessment of human and environmental risks to historic monuments in Pishder district

Salam Mahmoud Nasser; Mohammed said Muhammad

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 69-85

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-5

Abstract

Historical monuments are an important and valuable cultural resource, introducing us to our past civilization. At the same time, they are regarded as an important economic resource, ... Read More Historical monuments are an important and valuable cultural resource, introducing us to our past civilization. At the same time, they are regarded as an important economic resource, as they can be invested in tourism activities to become a major source of revenue for the country's economy. Pishdar district in northeastern Sulaimani province in Iraqi Kurdistan Region, which is the study area, contains several important historical monuments. However, the risk of extinction is increasing day by day due to various human and environmental challenges. The most important human threats are urban sprawl, agricultural encroachment, economic infrastructure development, illegal excavation and theft of monuments, all of which contribute to the destruction of historical sites. In addition, environmental threats such as climate change, soil erosion and landslides further threaten these monuments.The main objective of the study is to assess these risks and identify the main causes and extent of degradation of monuments, using a geographical perspective and propose sustainable strategies for the protection and development of historical heritage Sustainable tourism will be achieved through the integration and use of remote sensing science, geographic information systems and field surveys.The study analyzes current conservation policies and highlights practical gaps in monument management. It also proposes a comprehensive approach that combines a stronger legal framework, community participation, and the use of advanced technologies such as remote sensing and digital documentation. In addition, combining historical heritage conservation with sustainable tourism development can provide an economic incentive for conservation.The results of the study provide valuable insights for the preservation of historical monuments in Pishder. They also participate in global discussions on balancing cultural heritage preservation with sustainable regional tourism development

Cartographic Representation for the Efficiency of Cultural Tourism in Garmian

aram Hassan Mohammed Hassan Mohammed; Shamal Ali Marif Aziz; Kamaran Mohammed Tofiq

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 86-106

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-6

Abstract

Cultural tourism، which has gained a lot of popularity in recent times، allows for the interaction of tourists with the culture، civilization and lifestyle of the people of the host ... Read More

History of archaeological survey in the Kurdistan Region

Abdullah Bakr Osman

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 107-124

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-7

Abstract

Archaeological survey is a scientific field process carried out by archaeological experts, the purpose of this process is to search and discover archaeological sites and record information ... Read More

The Role of Sulaimani and Kfri Sarays in the Revival of Tourism Sector

Ali Hijran Mohammed Gharib; Osman Tawfiq Fatah

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 125-137

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-8

Abstract

This paper explores the historical and cultural significance of the Sarays in Sulaimani and Kfri, two prominent cities in South Kurdistan. These Sarays have historically served as administrative ... Read More

Dark tourism development in Chamchamal district The Anfal monument, for example

Hoshmand Ahmad Aziz; Kazim Ahmed Sadraddin; Salahuddin Hassan Ali

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 138-157

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-9

Abstract

The aim of the study is to present the dark tourism sites in the study area and encourage and develop the Anfal monument as an important dark tourism site in Chamchamal district. The ... Read More

A Geographical Analysis of the Spatial Relationship Between Natural Features and Historical Landmarks in the Garmian Administration (A Study in Tourism Geography)

Hemin Nasradin Muhameedamin; Jaza Tofiq Talib; Ako Hameed Mala Qadir; Hiwa Anwar Mohammed

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 158-174

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-10

Abstract

This research is conducted in tourism geography and presents the Physical potential of tourism development in the Garmian administration. Garmian is located in the southeastern Kurdistan ... Read More

The Role of Facebook in Domestic Tourism Marketing– A Field Study

Yadgar Ali Ali Mohammed

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 175-188

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-11

Abstract

Tourism has become an important aspect of human life and has dominated many economic, social and cultural levels of societies. Especially in the era of social networks. This research ... Read More

Revitalizing archaeological and heritage sites to promote sustainable cultural tourism (A Case study of Garmiyan region)

Ari Khalil Kamil; Mabast Ali Mohammed Amin; Zhyar Siddiq Ramadan

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 189-209

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-12

Abstract

This study highlights the development of archaeological and heritage sites in the Garmian region and their utilization to revitalize cultural tourism. The selected archaeological sites ... Read More

The role of religious sites and monuments in Hawramabad in the development of tourism sector

Deilman Mohammad Saber; Serko Naji Jaar

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 210-230

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-13

Abstract

Hawramabad region, which has its own geographical characteristics and triangular shape located in the northeast of the Kurdistan Region and southeast of Iran, has its own history and ... Read More

The Role of Natural Factors in the Geographical Distribution and Location of Archaeological Sites in Garmian Administration

Shirwan Ahmed Majeed; Ahmed Taha Ali Al Keji; OTHMAN ABDULRAHMAN Ali; aram Hassan Mohammed

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 231-248

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-14

Abstract

This academic study evaluates the influence of natural factors on the spatial distribution of 167 archaeological sites in the Garmian Administration using descriptive-analytical methodology ... Read More

Introduction and Classification of the Parthian Period Glass Artifacts Collection of Kermanshah Museum in Iran and Germian Museum in Kurdistan Region

Reza Mehrafarin; Seyed Rasoul Mousavi Haji; Ronak Rostami

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 249-262

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-15

Abstract

Making glass containers in a functional and decorative way has been common from the past to the present. In Iran, glass objects have been obtained from scientific and non-scientific ... Read More

ntroduction and Classification of the Parthian Period Glass Artifacts Collection of Kermanshah Museum in Iran and Germian Museum in Kurdistan Region

Karwan Abdul Rahman Ali Al-Balani; Bakhtiar Najmuddin Shamsuddin; Kazim Ali Tawfiq

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 263-278

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-16

Abstract

Ancient monuments are part of human heritage and hold historical and cultural value, reflecting the identity of nations. This research aims to clarify the position of Islamic law on ... Read More

Marketing capabilities (archaeological, historical and cultural tourism) in the Garmian administration

Gharib Ali Salim; Shirvan Omar Rashid

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 279-303

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-17

Abstract

This research, titled "Marketing Capabilities of archaeological, historical, and heritage tourism in the Garmian Administration," aims to reveal the archaeological, historical, and ... Read More

Strategic approaches to the reuse and redesign of cultural buildings (By maintaining a balance between the old and the new)

Mohammed Hamagharib Mohammed

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 304-320

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-18

Abstract

Redesigning and reusing cultural buildings has become an important strategy in the sustainable preservation of traditional buildings, which aims to strike a balance between modernizing ... Read More

Construction of graves in Sayed Khalil village It is a field study. Selected examples

Mahdi Jalal Mustafa Barzanji; Jaza Shorsh Hama Sharif

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 321-341

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-19

Abstract

Sayed Khalil Village: Nestled just 7 kilometres north of Kalar district, it emerges as one of the most significant archaeological sites in the region. This historic village boasts approximately ... Read More

Kakae shrines and sacred monuments South Kurdistan for example

Mohammed Talib Sharif

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 342-358

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-20

Abstract

The shrines and sacred monuments of the Kakais in South Kurdistan have a deep-rooted and ancient history. However, the ownership and historical legitimacy of these sites remain ambiguous, ... Read More

Criminal Protection of Antiquities and Heritage in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Ako Burhan Abdul Karim; Alan Arif Abdullah; Mabast Ali Mohammed Amin

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 359-376

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-21

Abstract

The antiquities and heritage of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq represent the national wealth, cultural heritage, and identity of the Kurdish people. Because cultural heritage, both tangible ... Read More

Adding Garmian Region Villages to Google Maps: A Path to Cultural Preservation and Sustainable Tourism

Akam Aziz

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 377-388

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-22

Abstract

In the digital age, geographic representation plays a crucial role in cultural preservation and socio-economic inclusion. This study addresses the underrepresentation of villages in ... Read More

The Heritage Horizons Project: Empowering Economic and Touristic Advancements Through Historical and Cultural Landscape Enhancement in the Garmian Area (KRI, Iraq)

Luca Colliva

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 388-403

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-23

Abstract

This article presents “Heritage Horizons”, an interdisciplinary collaboration project aimed at promoting sustainable development in the Garmian area, in the Iraqi Kurdistan ... Read More

Mapping and Assessment of Intangible Cultural Heritage and Its Effect on Tourism in Sulaimani Province Using GIS-MCDA

Mohammed Watman Dr.; Salam Mahmoud Nasser

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 403-421

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-24

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive spatial assessment of intangible cultural heritage (ICH), across the 12 districts of Sulaimani Province in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Utilizing ... Read More

Bridging the present to the past: developing a virtual archaeological park of the Garmian region

Giulia Giubergia

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 422-439

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-25

Abstract

The Garmian region represents a territory of extraordinary historical and archaeological significance. As a millennia-old crossroads between Mesopotamia, the Iranian plateau, and the ... Read More

New technologies in the enhancement of an archaeological site: Virtual Archaeology experiences at the Punic site of Sarcapos (S. Maria di Villaputzu, Sardinia)

Melania Marano

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 440-461

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-26

Abstract

The site of Sarcapos is located in the hamlet of S. Maria di Villaputzu, at the mouth of Flumendosa river, along the south-eastern coast of Sardinia. Since 2019, it has been systematically ... Read More

Cultural Guide: A Strategy for Cultural Heritage Preservation and Sustainable Development

Naghmeh Mahzounzadeh

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 462-466

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-27

Abstract

This paper presents a university-led initiative to formulate a comprehensive cultural guide that brings together archaeological, historical, and cultural anthropology research ... Read More This paper presents a university-led initiative to formulate a comprehensive cultural guide that brings together archaeological, historical, and cultural anthropology research to document and promote cultural heritage. This guide serves as a multifaceted resource designed for various stakeholders. The initiative seeks to protect cultural heritage while functioning as an educational resource, facilitating cultural heritage planning, and promoting economic empowerment through sustainable cultural framework and interdisciplinarycollaboration. A multidisciplinary working group consists of local and international specialists who develop research methodology and implementation strategies to accomplish these objectives. The guide applies digital heritage tools, GIS mapping, anthropological studies, and archival research to systematically document cultural assets. Primary archaeological activities include the cataloguing museum artefacts, the promotion research on artefacts, conducting excavations, and the generation of an archaeological map—each serving as vital measures to preserve history while improving accessibility for public and researchers. Restoration projects enhance the structural preservation of heritage monuments, strengthening local identity and fostering sustainable cultural development.The cultural guide elevates heritage as a cultural and economic asset by establishing collaborations with national and international organisations to promote cross-border cultural exchange. Nonetheless, the cultural guide encounters obstacles like securing sustainable funding and the desire to adapt to political and economic variances. To alleviate these concerns, the guide is executed in small-scale phases, ensuring sustained viability and flexibility. This model enhances the discourse on heritage conservation, cultural policy, and sustainable development, providing a consistent framework for the integration of academic research with cultural management and public participation.

Preserving a Sacred Landscape: Communicating and Promoting Yezidi Tangible and Intangible Heritage

Ghiath Rammo

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 467-479

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-28

Abstract

The Yezidis are a Kurdish religious community with ritual traditions and a social structure that can be traced back to ancient times. Most Yezidis live in Iraq, particularly in the ... Read More

The new discovery of the Khoshik rock relief and endangered rock reliefs on the eastern banks of the Sirwan River

DLshad A. Marf

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 480-489

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-29

Abstract

Local and foreign enemy kings carved rock reliefs on the rock faces of the mountain passes in many places in the Zagros ranges. The mountain ranges east of the Sirwan River also have ... Read More

Digitizing Cultural Heritage Through Low-Cost Photogrammetry: A Scalable Framework for Erbil City, KRI

Twana Abubkir Mamand; Narmin Ali Muhamad Amin

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 490-511

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-30

Abstract

The cultural heritage of Erbil City, recognized as a treasure trove of historical significance, is under escalating threat due to various interrelated factors, including ongoing conflict, ... Read More The cultural heritage of Erbil City, recognized as a treasure trove of historical significance, is under escalating threat due to various interrelated factors, including ongoing conflict, pervasive environmental degradation, and a range of illicit activities that compromise its integrity. While urgent documentation and preservation efforts are imperative for safeguarding this invaluable heritage, conventional techniques often remain prohibitively expensive and largely inaccessible for many regions, particularly those affected by conflict and economic instability. This study represents a pioneering initiative that employs affordable photogrammetry as a scalable, cost-efficient solution aimed at protecting archaeological sites and artifacts in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Concentrating specifically on Erbil's heritage buildings, the Salahaddin University-Erbil Archaeology Museum (SAM), and the Erbil Museum (HM), we illustrate how readily available smartphone cameras, when paired with Agisoft Metashape software, can effectively generate precise three-dimensional models using the structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry technique. Our results unequivocally demonstrate the capability to create highly accurate reconstructions, achieving levels of precision that are comparable to professional-grade equipment, with the reconstruction of artifacts realized to within a few millimeters and architectural structures to within a centimeter or two. Beyond the critical aspect of technical validation, this approach significantly democratizes access to heritage preservation, thereby empowering local communities, researchers, and educators with the necessary tools for digital archiving, education, and public engagement. By bridging the often-remarkable gap between affordability and precision, this research provides a replicable framework for global heritage sites that face similar challenges of preservation. Furthermore, it underscores the transformative potential of accessible technology in fostering community-led preservation efforts and ensuring the longevity of cultural memory in regions prone to crises and instability (Al-Saied et al., 2023, p. 00265).

Documenting Change: The Architectural Heritage of Mocha and Loheia (Yemen)

Serenella Mancini

Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025 , July 2025, Pages 512-524

https://doi.org/10.24271/ARN.025-01-01-SC-31

Abstract

In the 1990s, a Mission of the Orientale University of Naples carried out some surveys along the Yemeni Red Sea coast. Among the others, the port cities of Mocha and Loheia, located ... Read More

Volume 1 (2025)

Volume & Issue: Volume 1, Special Issue: ISC-RHCG-2025, July 2025

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